Genome Editing and Improvement of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants

Genome editing aims to revolutionise plant breeding and could assist in safeguarding the global food supply. The inclusion of a 12–40 bp recognition site makes mega nucleases first tools utilized for genome generation gene-editing tools. Zinc finger (ZFNs) are second technique, because they create double-stranded breaks, more dependable effective. ZFNs were original designed nuclease-based approach editing. Cys2-His2 zinc domain’s discovery made this technique possible. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) improve genetics, boost biomass production, increase nutrient usage efficiency, develop disease resistance. Plant genomes can be effectively modified using genome-editing technologies enhance characteristics without introducing foreign DNA into genome. Next-generation will soon defined by these exact methods. There is abroad promise that genome-edited crops essential years come improving sustainability climate-change resilience systems. This method also has great potential enhancing crops’ resistance various abiotic stressors. In review paper, we summarize most recent findings about mechanism stress response crop plants use CRISPR/Cas mediated systems tolerance stresses including drought, salinity, cold, heat, heavy metals.